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The Key Difference Between G Code and M Code
G codes and M codes serve distinct yet complementary roles in controlling CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines.
Although the entire CNC program is often referred to as "G code," it's important to note that G codes specifically direct the motion and cutting functions of the machine. In contrast, M codes handle the machine's auxiliary operations—those not directly involved in cutting.
Think of it this way: G codes guide the "how and where" of cutting, while M codes manage the "what else"—such as tool changes, spindle activation, or coolant control.
Both types of codes are essential to the CNC process but govern different aspects of the machine's operation. To streamline programming, many use CAD (Computer-Aided Design) or CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) software. However, while these tools can simplify the process, they’re not always foolproof.