An independent voltage source in SPICE is a circuit element that provides a constant voltage across its terminals, regardless of the current flowing through it. It is characterized by its voltage level, which can be specified as a fixed value or defined as a function of time. Independent voltage sources are used to supply power to circuits, establish reference voltages, and create test conditions for circuit analysis. They can be ideal (with no internal resistance) or real (with a specified internal resistance), affecting how they interact with other circuit elements.
An independent current source in SPICE is a circuit element that delivers a constant current regardless of the voltage across its terminals. It can be defined as a fixed value or as a function of time. Independent current sources are used to supply a specific current to a circuit, establish reference currents, and create test conditions for analysis. Like independent voltage sources, they can be ideal (with infinite internal resistance) or real (with specified internal resistance), which influences their behavior in conjunction with other circuit components.
Independent Sources
To add an independent source click on one of the buttons in the Simulate→Source ribbon button group
 Voltage Source |
 Current Source |